The Dominican Sister Congregation Records consist of approximately 9.5 linear feet of materials documenting Dominican congregations of apostolic women religious and their relationships with the Province of St. Albert the Great. The collection contains records concerning individual congregations located within the Province, Dominican congregations elsewhere in the United States, congregations formed through the union or merger of earlier communities, and a smaller amount of material concerning Dominican congregations outside the United States. The records document the history, governance, membership, ministries, publications, religious life, and institutional development of the congregations represented.

The collection includes a General Materials series containing records concerning the origins of Dominican congregations in the United States, constitutions, research on Dominican congregational history, the historical Dominican habit, and meterials related to associations of Dominican women religious, including Dominican Sisters International, the Sisters Theology Institute, and the Common Dominican Novitiate. The Sisters Theology Institute correspondence, dating from 1950 to 1958, documents the establishment and relocation of a theological institute for Dominican sisters from New Orleans to Washington, D.C., and subsequently to Dubuque, Iowa.

Records of individual congregations are arranged by geographic location and congregation. There is a standardized file plan provides categories for history, photographs, correspondence, vocation literature, commemorative booklets, newsletters, records of members, customaries and directories, publications, and acts of chapters. Coverage varies considerably by congregation with some communities are represented by only a history or a small amount of correspondence, while others contain substantial documentation across several categories.

The Congregations within the Province series includes records relating to communities in locations that are currently or historically covered by the Province's territory within the Dominican Order including Abbeville and New Orleans in Louisiana, Adrian and Grand Rapids, Michigan, Chicago and Springfield, Illinois, and Sinsinawa and Kenosha, Wisconsin. Materials include provincial and general correspondence, institutional histories, photographs, newsletters, commemorative publications, membership records, constitutions, chapter records, and other publications.

The Congregations in the U.S. outside the Province series documents Dominican communities in other parts of the United States using the same general classification structure. These records include histories, correspondence, publications, commemorative materials, newsletters, and governance records for congregations in locations including Ohio, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Washington, New York, Kentucky, and other states covered by the other Dominican Provinces in the United States.

The collection also documents the consolidation of Dominican congregations during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The New Congregations formed by Union series includes the Dominican Sisters of Hope, formed in 1995 through the union of congregations in Fall River, Massachusetts; Newburgh, New York; and Ossining, New York, and the Dominican Sisters of Peace, formed in 2007 through the union of seven congregations, with the Elkins Park, Pennsylvania, congregation joining in 2012.

A smaller body of material concerns Dominican sisters outside the United States, including records relating to congregations in Italy, Mexico, and Spain. These materials primarily consist of correspondence and membership information.